Chemical characterization and source apportionment of particulate matter (PM) ; pre and post flood Kelantan

Abstract

Flood is one of the natural disasters that can be contributed by nature itself or through anthropogenic activities. The aftermath of flood are generally followed by unsanitized vicinity, poor water quality, growth of mold and debris. These dried up muds or debris fills the atmosphere with particulate matter (PM) which posts an air pollution concern to the general public. PM is a hazardous pollution which can degrade not only human health but also the surrounding. Hence, the aim of the study is to estimate the composition and sources of PM during pre and post flood in Kelantan. A portion of loaded filter paper with the ambient air quality of flood event was used to carry out water soluble ionic species analysis using ion chromatography. The data sets were then analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and validated by Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) to identify the possible sources of PM based on their chemical species.