Micropropagation of wetland monocot cattai (Typha latifolial

Abstract

Typha latifolia is monocotyledonous plant which commonly grows in the wetland. It has the ability for alleopathy response, manufacture pesticides, treatment the polluted water and also stronger in immunosuppressive activity. This study was conducted to establish and determine the effect of cytokinin on proliferation of T. latifolia besides to observe the total flavone, flavonoid and phenolic content of plant. Apical tips and rhizome of T. latifolia were collected from Simpang Pulai, lpoh was cultured for six to nine weeks in MS basal medium with various cytokinin (1.0-5.0 mgr1 ) of 6-bezyladenine (BAP), 6- furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin/KN), Thidiazuron (TDZ) and 6-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2- enylaminopurine (Zeatin/ZEA). 1.0 mgr1 and 2.0 mgr1 BAP was induced maximum in leaves multiplication. Transfer of rhizome to MS medium supplemented with BAP and lndole-3-acetic acid (IAA), individually or combination, indicated that a combination 1: 1 ratio of BAP and IAA was required in leaves multiplication. In contrast, the elongation of leaves was found highest in medium free hormone. The presence of a single 2.0 mgr1 BAP and 3.0 mgr1 TDZ and also combination of 5.0 mgr1 BAP+3.0 mgr1 IAA were produced the greater number of new plantlets. Root induction was lower in the presence of cytokinin but may induce higher with presence of auxin. 1.0 mgr 1 BAP+ 3.0 mgr 1 IAA was efficient in root development. The total flavone, flavonoid and phenolic content of T. latifolia were measured. 3.0 mgr1 BAP gave the highest content of total phenolic compound. The highest content of flavonoids was obtained from 3.0 mgr 1 KN and combination between 1.0 mgr1 BAP+3.0 mgr1 IAA. However, the medium free hormone gave the highest content of total flavone than single treatment in T. latifolia. In contrast, combination between 1.0 mgr 1 BAP+3.0 mgr 1 IAA has the highest of total flavone content. On the basis of culture findings, we can conclude that MS media supplemented with different concentration of cytokinins and auxins may influence the growth and secondary metabolites in T. latifolia.