Anti-inflammatory effect of stevioside in relation to cardiovascular risk in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs)

Abstract

Inflammation has been implicated in initiation and progression of cardiovascular disease risk. Expression of cell surface adhesion molecule plays an important role in adherence of monocytes or leukocytes which lead to pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Stevia rebaudiana is a traditional medicinal plant in South America which also as regained popularity as natural sweetener. Stevioside is type of diterpenoid glycoside, a bioactive compound which has been reported to exhibit pharmacological effects in­ vivo, in-vitro and human studies, in which include anti-inflammatory effect. In the present study, pre-incubation (prevention) and incubation (treatment) of stevioside on Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial cells (HUVECs) were explored its anti-inflammatory effect on the expression of inflammatory marker Vascular Adhesion Molecule-I (VCAM-1) and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-l(ICAM-1) further investigated. Cell Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression. MIT cytotoxicity assay was implemented in order to determine the cytotoxicity effect of stevioside in normal primary cells, HUVECs. The present study demonstrated that the optimum LPS condition for expression ofVCAM-1 and ICAM1

were 1.25 µg/mL and 2.5 µg/mL, respectively at 3 hours incubation time