Effect of ammonia exposure on hatchability and survival of Clarias gariepinus larvae

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the effect of ammonia on egg hatchability and larval survival of Clarias gariepinus was undertaken. Egg and larvae Clarias gariepinus was exposed to ammonia at different concentration of 0.1, 1, 10, 100, 300, 560 and 1000 ppm for hatching time. IC5o of the hatchability of Clarias gariepinus larvae was 281.01 ppm. Egg development was absolved and picture for every hour was taken to discus different development in different concentration. The parameter is mortality of egg hatching after exposed on ammonia concentration. The ammonia pre-exposure finding indicated that ammonia effect the time to hatch delayed 3 hours compare with control. Clear symptoms of ammonia were indicated by egg development every hours observations. That because ammonia decrease the dissolve oxygen for embryo development. Larvae Clarias gariepinus can survive on high ammonia 1 OOppm concentration because the larvae were maintained 10 days on 1 Oppm. The finding of this study indicates that Clarias gariepinus hardy compare with other species after expose on high ammonia concentration.