Pilot study and comparison of green house gases emission and quantification method from marine vessels

Abstract

Air pollution is the on demand case as it has been debated all over the world. The sources of air pollution are varies starting from the individual pollutants to the huge industrial activities. Maritime industry responsible in this issue since there are many types of maritime transports sailing at the sea. The Green House Gas (GHG) emissions from maritime transport must be reduced because it is expected to increase if no mitigations are taken. This study investigate the emission of GHG of two different maritime transports system which are the Discovery II, a boat belongs to University Malaysia of Terengganu and the oil tanker. The different methods are used to determine the amount of GHG emissions for both maritime transports. The pilot study was conducted to determine the types and the concentration of gases emitted from the boat (Discovery II) exhaust by using the Gas detector IQ-1000. Based on the pilot study, two types of gases are successfully detected by the equipment which is Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Nitrogen Dioxide (N02). Based on the result, the highest amount of CO2 concentration and N02 concentration emitted from Discovery II are 2000 ppm and 20 ppm respectively. For the oil tanker, the GHG emission (CO2, CR., and N20) is calculated based on Marine Emission Inventory Tool (MEIT) emission estimation formula. From the result, the emission of CO2 is the highest which are 504.7 tonne for voyage 1, 403.9 tonne for voyage 2 and 355 tonne for voyage 3. The Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) and Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) for this oil tanker are calculated and the result between emission estimation and Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) is discussed. The EEDI and EEOI of three different oil tankers (MATIHEOUS I, NA VIG8 STEALTH, and ATHINEA) are also calculated. The EEDI between the oil tankers is then compared. From the result, the EEDI for MATTHEOUS I is the highest which is 6.651 gram CO2 per tonne nautical mile. This study also discussed the using of Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI), Energy Efficiency Operational Indicator (EEOI) and Ship Energy Efficiency Management Plan (SEEMP) that are applied to shipping to control GHG emissions.