The effect of anthocyanin from roselle calyces (Hibiscus sabdariffa) towards the pigmentation of juvenile tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) at different salinity

Abstract

A study on fish pigmentation by using Roselle calyces as additive on juvenile fish tilapia at different salinity was carried out. The anthocaynin content were determined during early experiment, middle of experiment and final period of experiment. The period of experiment was l month. The salinity ranges were O ppt as control, 5 ppt, l O ppt and 15 ppt. The concentration of additive was 50 mg/kg. The proximate analysis of food with additive and without additive was determined. The fish was dissected and divide into 3 parts that were head part, body part and DFf (dorsal, fin, and tail parts) for anthocyanin analysis. The analysis of anthocyanin was showed the variation between fish parts and also variation between each treatment. As the results, pigmentation of fish was enhanced more at head part and DFT parts compared to the body part. Additionally, fish pigmentation was given better performance at O ppt compared to others salinity. It was proved by spectrophotometer analysis and the data has significant difference (P < 0.05). Fish pigmentation in 5 ppt, IO ppt, and 15 ppt showed the significant difference (P < 0.05) from started experiment until the end of experiment. 5 ppt treatment was showed the lowest of anthocyanin content compared to the control (0 ppt). The Specific Growth Rate (SOR) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were determined in each treatment. Generally, in 15 ppt, the data was showed unsuitable for the growth rate of juvenile tilapia.