Stimulation of mucosal and humoral immunity by intranasal inoculation of lyophilized crude of pasteurella multocida B:2 in goats

Abstract

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is an acute disease of cattle and buffaloes cause by Pasteurella muitocida B:2. This disease is considered as one of the most important disease in cattle and buffaloes causing great economical loses worldwide. Vaccination was used to control of the disease. However, after several years of using Oil Adjuvant Vaccine (OAV) to control of the disease, the result seems to be disappointed.