Comparative synthesis methods of disordered LiNi0.5O4 spinel as a lithium-ion battery's cathode for high energy desity applications

Abstract

LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 has been successfully synthesized by glycine-assisted solution route at low-temperature reaction, ball-milling, and ionic liquid-assisted rheological phase body reaction method, followed by thermal treatments at 750, 850, and 950 °C, respectively for 12 h. The X-ray diffraction patterns of all samples can be assigned to a cubic spinel LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 with fd3m space group (Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards-card no: 80-2162). From the transmission electron microscope images, the d-spacing between the lattice fringes is approximately 0.47 nm and consistent with the characteristic plane (111) of fd3m for LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4. For LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 synthesized via glycine-assisted solution route at low-temperature reaction, pure phase of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 was obtained for sample S750 and S850, while NiO peaks are arises in sample S950.