Determination of blood glucose response and glycemic index on healthy young adults after eating black beans (Phaselous vulgaris) and red beans (Vigna angularis

Abstract

This randomized cross-sectional study was carried out to determined the blood glucose response after consuming red bean and black bean. Twelve healthy young adults ( 6 men and 6 women ) aged between 20 to 24 years old were recruited for this study. Simple randomized sampling was done among students in Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu. Mean aged and BMI of the respondents are 22.5±0.9 years old and 20.32± 1.26 kg/m2 , respectively. This study subjects consumed 2 types of test meals, red bean and black bean plus a reference carbohydrate (glucose) after an overnight fasting (10-12 hours) on different days. Finger prick capillary blood samples were obtained by 0 (fasting), 15,30,45,60,90 and 120 minutes after consuming the beans and reference carbohydrate. This study showed the blood glucose response reached peak at 30 minutes study. from the result obtained, the response of blood glucose in red bean is 0.35 ± 1.1 mmol/L and black bean which is higher then red bean, 0.67 ± 0.4 mmol/L. The mean of blood glucose response in reference carbohydrate is 1.78 ± 1.4 mmol/L. From the study, there is no significant difference obtained in both red bean and black bean. The area of the curve (AUC) for reference carbohydrate is 128.79 ± 25.57 mmol.min/L, while for red bean and black bean is 21.84 ± 5.69 mmol.min/L dan 20.46 ± 4.60 mmol.min/L, respectively. In conclusion, red bean and black bean had low glycemic index which is 16.95 and 15.85, respectively and could be used as recommendation for diabetic patients for optimum glycemic control.