Abstract:
Flower from Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) is known to contain the anthocyanins
pigment in the petals. However, there was no widely research carried out to study the
anthocyanins pigment in aqueous extracted from Butterfly pea flower. Therefore, this
study was conducted to determine which extraction methods can produce the highest
yield of anthocyanins pigment and to study the color properties through storage at
different conditions (pH, temperature and light exposure). Three different solvent
extraction methods were used to extract anthocyanins pigment which were ethanol
acidified method, hydrochloric acid method and distilled water method. Meanwhile,
for stability study the highest extracted anthocyanins pigment were stored at seven
different conditions which were 4 °C and 27 °C (pH 1±0.5, dark), dark and bright
conditions (pH 1±0.5, chill temperature) and pH 4, pH 7 and pH 10 (dark, chill
temperature). The storage stability study of anthocyanins pigment was carried out
(every week) within a month. The pH-differential method was used to determine the
total anthocyanins pigment by taking the absorbance reading at 520nm for pH 1.0 and
700nm for pH 4.5. The color readings of lightness, 'a' and 'b' values measured using
colorimeter and the 'a' and 'b' values were converted into chroma and hue. Findings
showed that extraction using ethanol acidified method produced the highest yield of
anthocyanins pigment. Therefore, this method was applied for the rest of the
experimental works. Storage at different temperatures showed no differences of
anthocyanins pigment and lightness with chroma value was unstable at both
temperatures. However, hue was maintained towards storage as red in color. Storage at
different light exposures also resulted no differences for anthocyanins pigment and
lightness property showed stability in dark condition. Chroma values for both light
condition was maintained but hue more predominat as red color in bright condition.
Meanwhile, anthocyanins pigment showed stability as stored at pH 4 with hue in red
color. While, chroma for all pH storage was maintained through storage periods.
Overall, anthocyanins pigment was stable for storage in acidic condition with full dark
condition.
